For german the names are:
King = König meaning King
Queen = Dame meaning Lady
Rook = Turm meaning Tower
Knight = Pferd meaning Horse or Springer meaning Jumper
Bishop = Läufer meaning Runner
Pawn = Bauer meaning Farmer/Peasant
The castling move is called a "Rochade" in german. According to wikipedia it has the same persian origins as the Rook piece.
In my not so popular native language of English:
Knight = knight
Bishop = Bishop
King = King
Queen = Queen
Rook = Rook
Pawn = not a piece
Very rare that people speak this language.
Bro, why do you have to be so stupid?
English is spoken by most people as either a primary or a secondary language, or sometimes a third!
In Spanish:
King -> Rey(literal)
Queen -> Reina(literal)
Rook -> Torre(Tower)
Knight -> Caballo(horse)
Bishop -> Alfil(no special meaning)
Pawn -> Peón(labourer)
Check -> Jaque(Worry/Fear)
Mate -> Mate(from Arabic "Mat" which means "the king has died")
Castling -> Enroque(no special meaning)
Portugues Brasileiro:
(Brazilian Portuguese)
King = Rei
Queen = Dama (Lady) Rainha (Queen)
Bishop = Bispo
Knight = Cavalo (Horse)
Pawn = Peão
Check = Xeque
Checkmate = Xeque Mate
Castle = Roque (rook?)
#9 Serbain bishop is hunter, very cool..
So in French it's
Knight = Cavalier (a horse rider)
Rook= Tour (tower, probably meaning the towers used to climb over fortress walls)
Bishop= Fou (court jester)
Spanish (#15 add):
Queen: Reina or Dama = Dame (Lady)
Bishop: Alfil < arabic Al-Fil < persian Pil = Elephant
Pawn: Peón = Foot soldier, also pedestrian, laborer
Castle: Enroque (en + roque < arabic Roj or Ruhh = War chariot)
Rook: formerly was Roque
Check: Jaque < arabic Xah or Sâh < persian Shah = King
Checkmate: Jaque mate < Sâhmat = The King is dead
Chess: Ajedrez < arabic As-sitrang < sanskrit Chaturanga
In Turkish:
Chess=Satranç
King =Şah (It comes from ancient Persian Kings)
Queen =Vezir (It is Like Prime Minister)
Rook =Kale (Castle)
Knight =At (Horse)
Bishop =Fil (Elephant)
Pawn =Piyon (It is just a soldier which has no title..)
Check=Şah
Checkmate=Şahmat
Rook:Rok
