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How agressive can black be?

I've recently started introducing chess to several of my friends not only playing against them but also discussing opening etc., hoping to improve my play and giving me a chance to train a bit.

So far one of them is giving me a metric f*ckton of trouble to put it bluntly because after 4 months he really started focusing on - and flourishing in - really really closed, tactical positions.

His opening include
1. e4 e5 2. d4 Nc6 3. Be2 Nf6 4. c4

or

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4

just to give two examples and he usually refuses to take if the position stays neutral or even would net him a slight advantage so e4 d5 openings are completely crushing me since I am still not used to declined gambits and it usually leads to convoluted positions.

Just yesterday I played a whole game without using anything but my Queen and light square bishop against all of his pieces. Knight on B got exchanged and the only move I got in from H-F was h6.

While I do still win I would very much prefer to force him to play my style of game.

I almost exclusively play black against him, so are there any gambits, offerings or openings I could use the force him to exchange or else he would simply get mated immediately?

All I want is to get some pieces of the board :[
You seem to be very confused. First of all

After 1.e4 e5 2.d4 the continuation is exd4 and after Qxd4 Nc6 with a nice position for black.

Also, the other opening you just mentioned is call the Scotch opening.

1.e4 d5 is not a gambit. It is called the Scandinavian and white gets an edge in all lines.

You seem to be a very passive player, stop trading pieces and play for the win. Trading pieces without any reason to is just playing for a draw. When trading it should be for a reason (you are getting mated, you are up material etc...)
I was/am pretty tired while writing and should've just shortened the text.

My main problem is just that I can barely develop in most of my games against him and I wanted to ask for openings where I offer pieces (like e4 d5) which hurt him if he does not take.

Sorry for the previous comment.
Why cant you develop?

E4 D5 wouldnt help you to develop, in fact he would be better after exd5 Qxd5 and Nc3.

Just follow opening principles, simple. There is no known opening that disallows black to develop.

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